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The quantum teleportation algorithm

Details: Category: Quantum Mechanics; Last Updated: 17 March 2020; Hits: 315

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Quantum Teleportation, probably because its name, is the new buzz word in the world of quantum science nowadays. We get breakthrough news almost every week on this topic.

In August 2019, Austrian and Chinese scientists announced that they have succeeded in teleporting three-dimensional quantum states (qutrits) for the first time^[1].

Six months later, in Nature Physics, researchers reported the demonstration of chip-to-chip quantum teleportation and multi-photon entanglement on silicon-photonic circuitry.

But what do we mean exactly by teleportation? Our aim in this article is to give a gentle introduction to the teleportation topic, and more precisley at the end of this reading, you should be able to understand and implement the teleportation quantum circuit:

Don't worry about its apparent complexity, we have encountered each and every component of this circuit in our previous articles!

The problem setup:

The problem that quantum teleportation looks to solve is as follows: Alice has an unknown qubit |ψ⟩ that she wants to send to Bob. How can she do this?

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"The essence of my theory is precisely that no independent properties are attributed to space on its own. It can be put jokingly this way. If I allow all things to vanish from the world, then following Newton, the Galilean inertial space remains; following my interpretation, however, nothing remains.."
Letter from A.Einstein to Karl Schwarzschild - Berlin, 9 January 1916

"Quantum mechanics is certainly imposing. But an inner voice tells me that it is not yet the real thing. The theory says a lot, but does not really bring us any closer to the secret of the 'old one'. I, at any rate, am convinced that He is not playing at dice."
Einstein to Max Born, letter 52, 4th december 1926